NEMA 4 vs 4X Enclosures – 4 Differences, Uses & FAQs

Do you know what NEMA is? Basically, the word NEMA stands for National Electrical Manufacturers Association.

This organization is responsible for designing the standard ratings of electrical enclosures which are manufactured in factories all over the world. It tells us about their protection level against water, dust and rust.

Today, we will break down the major differences between NEMA 4 and 4X enclosures. We have also explored their use cases to let you know which one is a better choice according to your needs.

What is NEMA 4 Enclosure?

NEMA 4 enclosures protect electrical equipment from the ingress of dust and water. It also prevents the entry of rain splashes and pressurized water streams.

Moreover, it is also snow and sleet tight. You can use NEMA 4 rated equipment for both outdoor and indoor purposes.

What is NEMA 4X Enclosure?

Suppose you have finalized NEMA 4X electric enclosures for your requirements. This means now you will be offered a much higher level of protection. In addition to the resistance against dirt, rain, snow and fibers, this enclosure is also resistant to corrosive agents.

In places where electrical devices are exposed to salty water or other chemicals, you should use NEMA 4X enclosures there.

Comparison of NEMA 4 vs 4X Enclosures

In this section, we have explained those characteristics of both enclosure ratings (4 & 4X) which make them different from each other. After understanding them, you will be almost 100% ready to decide which NEMA rated electrical products you’re going to install in your facility.

1. Corrosion Resistance

Actually we can say corrosion resistance is the main property differentiator of NEMA 4 enclosures vs NEMA 4X enclosures. If we talk about the products rated 4 by NEMA, these products can easily resist tough environment situations. But not so harsh that causes the material to start dissolving.

In these atmospheric conditions, you will need 4X enclosures. The “X” in the name shows that the product is secured from corrosion causing agents. This adds an additional layer of protection against rust. 

2. Material Composition

When we look upon the materials used in making these enclosures, there is a lot of difference. Let’s have a look at the basic composition of both of them:

• NEMA 4 Enclosures

These electrical enclosures are commonly made from powder-coated steel, aluminum and galvanized steel. Moreover, painted carbon steel is also used in the making of NEMA 4 enclosures. These materials are also rust resistant, but within a certain limit. 

Like, if a minor scratch occurs on your enclosure, it will break the resistive barrier. And this causes the rust to reach the underlying steel. Then it will slowly corrode the metal from inside. 

• NEMA 4X Enclosures

The 4X rated enclosures are made from Fiberglass-Reinforced Polyester (FRP) and Polycarbonate. Additionally, the main material used is Stainless Steel, especially 316 type. The reason is the quantity of chromium present in it. 

It combines with atmospheric oxygen and creates a layer of chromium oxide. This film never breaks down and can withstand harsh corrosive environments. So, it is better to say that NEMA 4X is rust proof, not just rust resistant.

3. Durability

The durability of electrical equipment depends on its usage. You should not use NEMA 4 in a corrosive environment because it is not made for that. On the other hand, 4X rated cabinets are specifically designed for these conditions and therefore, last longer. 

4. Cost

Well, you will have to pay more price for NEMA 4X electrical enclosures as compared to those having NEMA 4 rating. The reason is simple, because 4X rated products are manufactured using high-class materials as discussed above. However, this cost comes with the added benefit of rust protection.

Utilization of NEMA 4 and NEMA 4X Enclosures

You can see the below mentioned areas of our daily life where people use NEMA 4 electrical enclosures and 4X enclosures.

Major Applications of NEMA 4

Let’s have a look at where NEMA 4 casings are generally used:

• Outdoor Control Panels: You can use these to protect lighting controls, power distribution systems and security systems from harsh weather conditions. 
• Industrial Equipment: It is used in manufacturing plants, motor controls, warehouses, automation systems and processing facilities. 
• Telecommunication Devices: It secures networking equipment from changing weather conditions. 
• Outdoor Installations: You should utilize NEMA 4 containers to encase your outdoor electrical devices.

Top Applications of NEMA 4X 

The following are the major applications of NEMA 4X cases:

• Chemical Plants: It safeguards sensitive laboratory devices from corrosive fumes and chemical vapours.
• Car Washes: For high pressure washers, 4X cabinets are best. They also protect from the corrosion by preventing salty water ingress.
• Marine & Coastal Areas: You can use it to encase the electrical devices at ships, docks, boats and offshore places. It will help to withstand saltwater spray and salty air.
• Wastewater Treatment Plants: NEMA 4X prevents the rust in filtration and sewage systems caused by bacteria, moisture and chemicals. 
• Food Processing Facilities: In these factories, it can withstand heavy exposure to cleaning agents. It is also designed to handle frequent washdowns.

FAQs

Is a NEMA 4X Enclosure Waterproof?

Absolutely yes, NEMA 4X is waterproof and can withstand high-pressure streams. It also protects from hose directed water.

Can a NEMA 4X Enclosure Be Used Outdoors?

Yes, you can use 4X enclosures in outdoor places. Because they are specifically designed for harsh environmental conditions. 

Does NEMA 4X Prevent Explosions?

No, NEMA 4X does not protect you against explosions. You should not use it in hazardous areas with high levels of flammable gas.

Can NEMA 4X Be Submerged Underwater?

No, you can’t submerge NEMA 4X in water, even though it is waterproof. It can withstand strong water streams but is not designed for full immersion.

Is NEMA 4 Rated For Washdown?

Yes, you can utilize NEMA 4 for washdowns. It protects machinery and supplies from pressurized water ingress.

Final Thoughts

We hope you now have a clear understanding of NEMA 4 vs. NEMA 4X enclosures. It is important to know the difference as it makes the selection easy for you. Both can be used outdoors, but 4X cases are specially designed for areas with salty water and chemical exposure.

However, you can contact our team for enclosure consultation. Our professionals will guide you through the selection process. Additionally, you can request an instant quote for customized electrical enclosures.